Steel bearing retainer materials are commonly used in rolling bearings due to their high strength, good toughness and ease of processing. They are often cold stamped from 08 and 10 high quality carbon steel sheets. In addition, can also be used according to the needs of other mechanical processing methods to obtain. Commonly used steel cage materials are also 20, 30, 45, Gcr15, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 40CrNiMo, ML15, ML20, etc.. Steel cages are generally heat treated to eliminate stress and restore plasticity. Including high temperature tempering, recrystallization annealing, etc. In order to reduce the coefficient of friction of steel bearing retainer, the finished bearing retainer must be surface treated if necessary.
Unlike steel, non-ferrous metals have their own special properties, for example, aluminium alloy has the characteristics of low density, good thermal conductivity and good corrosion resistance; copper alloy has the characteristics of good thermal conductivity, small coefficient of friction, good formability and high temperature; zinc aluminium alloy has the advantages of low cost, small density and excellent performance.
Non-metallic bearing retainer materials are mainly polymers and their composite materials, including nylon, phenolic tape, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. Polymer materials have good strength and elasticity matching. Good sliding properties make the polymer cage in the relative motion with the lubricated rolling element surface only a small friction, which can make the bearing heat and wear to a minimum. In conditions of lubricant deficiency, the polymer cage still has excellent kinematic properties. This ensures that the bearing can continue to operate for a period of time without damage. Due to the low density of the polymer, cages made from it have a low inertia.
When the ball bearing is in operation, especially when the load is complex and rotating at high speed, the ball bearing retainer is subjected to large shocks and vibrations, and there is large sliding friction between the ball bearing retainer and the ball, and a large amount of heat is generated. The result of the combined effect of force and heat can lead to cage failure, which can cause serious cage burns and fractures. Therefore, the requirements of the ball bearing retainer material thermal conductivity, good wear resistance, small coefficient of friction, a small density, a certain strength and toughness of the fit, good elasticity and stiffness.
There are four basic types of cages that are the most common, readily available and will perform well in most applications: J-type, W-type, RJ-type, and TW-type.
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